Sinus Tarsi
The sinus tarsi is a tunnel that lies between the talus and calcaneus (heel bone) and
contains structures that contribute to the stability and proprioception of the ankle.
Together, these bones form the subtalar joint which is usually a very stable joint with
minimal movement during weight bearing tasks.
Sinus tarsi syndrome is most often caused by a traumatic ankle injury such as an
inversion ankle sprain or overuse from repetitive activity such as standing or walking.
These injuries can cause instability of the subtalar joint and this excessive movement of
the joint increases the forces placed through the sinus tarsi, triggering an inflammatory
response. It can also occur due to an over-pronated (flat) foot which can cause
compression in the sinus tarsi. Inflammation of the sinus tarsi will usually produce
localized pain over the anterolateral aspect of the ankle (over the site of the sinus tarsi)
and will often be exacerbated by standing or walking/running particularly on uneven
ground.
Athletes with sinus tarsi syndrome will often initially respond well to anti-inflammatory
medication and taping to increase the stability of the subtalar joint which will allow them
to manage their symptoms without significant disruption to their training load. A
graduated strengthening program particularly for the peroneal and calf muscles is
important alongside proprioceptive and balance exercises to reduce the chances of
re-injury.
If you’ve suffered an ankle injury and are experiencing pain, go and visit your
physiotherapist today and they can help you get back on track and fit and firing!
